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Pifferari als voltants de Roma, 1836. Italie pittoresque, París, chez Amable Cortes Editeur, 1836-1837. Col·lecció de gravats antics de l'autor del blog. |
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Pifferari a Roma, gravat de l'Illustrirte Zeitung, Leipzig, 22/12/1855. Col·lecció de gravats antics de l'autor del blog. |
"J’ai remarqué seulement à Rome une musique instrumentale populaire que je
penche fort à regarder comme un reste de l’antiquité : je veux parler des pifferari. On appelle ainsi des musiciens ambulants, qui, aux approches
de Noël, descendent des montagnes par groupes de quatre ou cinq, et viennent,
armés de musettes et de pifferi (espèce de hautbois), donner de pieux concerts devant les images de la
madone. Ils sont, pour l’ordinaire, couverts d’amples manteaux de drap brun,
portent le chapeau pointu dont se coiffent les brigands, et tout leur extérieur
est empreint d’une certaine sauvagerie mystique pleine d’originalité. J’ai
passé des heures entières à les contempler dans les rues de Rome, la tête
légèrement penchée sur l’épaule, les yeux brillants de la foi la plus vive,
fixant un regard de pieux amour sur la sainte madone, presque aussi immobiles
que l’image qu’ils adoraient. La musette, secondée d’un grand piffero soufflant la basse, fait entendre une harmonie de deux ou
trois notes, sur laquelle un piffero de moyenne longueur exécute la mélodie ; puis, au-dessus de tout
cela, deux petits pifferi très-courts, joués par des
enfants de douze à quinze ans, tremblotent trilles et cadences, et inondent la
rustique chanson d’une pluie de bizarres ornements. Après de gais et
réjouissants refrains, fort longtemps répétés, une prière lente, grave, d’une
onction toute patriarcale, vient dignement terminer la naïve symphonie. Cet air
a été gravé dans plusieurs recueils napolitains, je m’abstiens en conséquence
de le reproduire ici. De près, le son est si fort qu’on peut à peine le
supporter ; mais à un certain éloignement, ce singulier orchestre produit
un effet auquel peu de personnes restent insensibles. J’ai entendu ensuite les pifferari chez eux, et si je les avais trouvés si remarquables à Rome,
combien l’émotion que j’en reçus fut plus vive dans les montagnes sauvages des
Abruzzes, où mon humeur vagabonde m’avait conduit ! Des roches
volcaniques, de noires forêts de sapins formaient la décoration naturelle et le
complément de cette musique primitive. Quant à cela venait encore se joindre
l’aspect d’un de ces monuments mystérieux d’un autre âge connus sous le nom de
murs cyclopéens, et quelques bergers revêtus d’une peau de mouton brute, avec
la toison entière en dehors (costume des pâtres de la Sabine ), je pouvais me
croire contemporain des anciens peuples au milieu desquels vint s’installer
jadis Évandre l’Arcadien, l’hôte généreux d’Énée."
(Hector Berlioz, Mémoires, I, 240-241)
"The only music that struck me in Rome is a form of popular instrumental music which I am rather inclined to think is a survival from antiquity – I mean the pifferari. That is the name they give to wandering musicians who as Christmas approaches come down from the mountains in groups of four or five. Equipped with bagpipes and pifferi (a kind of oboe), they come to perform devout concerts in front of images of the Madonna. They usually wear broad coats of brown cloth, and the same pointed hats worn by brigands; their appearance has a kind of wild mysticism which is full of originality. I have spent hours watching them in the streets of Rome, their heads slightly inclined over the shoulder, their eyes blazing with the most intense faith, their gaze fixed with pious love on the holy Madonna, almost as still as the image they are worshipping. The bagpipe, supported by a large piffero which sounds the bass, plays a harmony of two or three notes, over which a medium length piffero performs the melody. Then on top of it all two small and very short pifferi, played by children of 12 to 15 years, rain down trills and cadences and bathe the rustic melody with a cascade of exotic ornaments. After cheerful and jolly tunes which are repeated at great length, a slow and solemn prayer, full of patriarchal warmth, brings the naive symphony to a worthy conclusion... Heard at close quarters the sound is so loud as to be almost unbearable; but heard from a certain distance this strange orchestra has an impact which leaves few unmoved. I then heard the pifferari on their home ground, and while I had found them remarkable in Rome, once in the wild Abruzzi mountains, where my wandering fancy had taken me, I was moved by them even more."
(Traducció a l'anglés: The Hector Berlioz Website, "Berlioz in Italy. The Abruzzi Mountains and the Pifferari.". http://www.hberlioz.com/Italy/abruzzi.htm)
"The only music that struck me in Rome is a form of popular instrumental music which I am rather inclined to think is a survival from antiquity – I mean the pifferari. That is the name they give to wandering musicians who as Christmas approaches come down from the mountains in groups of four or five. Equipped with bagpipes and pifferi (a kind of oboe), they come to perform devout concerts in front of images of the Madonna. They usually wear broad coats of brown cloth, and the same pointed hats worn by brigands; their appearance has a kind of wild mysticism which is full of originality. I have spent hours watching them in the streets of Rome, their heads slightly inclined over the shoulder, their eyes blazing with the most intense faith, their gaze fixed with pious love on the holy Madonna, almost as still as the image they are worshipping. The bagpipe, supported by a large piffero which sounds the bass, plays a harmony of two or three notes, over which a medium length piffero performs the melody. Then on top of it all two small and very short pifferi, played by children of 12 to 15 years, rain down trills and cadences and bathe the rustic melody with a cascade of exotic ornaments. After cheerful and jolly tunes which are repeated at great length, a slow and solemn prayer, full of patriarchal warmth, brings the naive symphony to a worthy conclusion... Heard at close quarters the sound is so loud as to be almost unbearable; but heard from a certain distance this strange orchestra has an impact which leaves few unmoved. I then heard the pifferari on their home ground, and while I had found them remarkable in Rome, once in the wild Abruzzi mountains, where my wandering fancy had taken me, I was moved by them even more."
(Traducció a l'anglés: The Hector Berlioz Website, "Berlioz in Italy. The Abruzzi Mountains and the Pifferari.". http://www.hberlioz.com/Italy/abruzzi.htm)
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Er Ghetto 1860 |
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